Getting Started with Linux System Administration 1 8 Commands to Remember First

Basic commands for operating Linux files linux system admin

If you are reading now, I will explain that you can build a Linux environment and log in. If you haven't created a Linux environment yet , read How to Build an Environment .

The account used below is testac and the host name is some1.

Current directory view pwd

pwd is a command that shows which directory you are currently in. Running pwd will show you the current directory. Immediately after logging in, you will be in the / home / account name directory

testac @ some1: ~ $ pwd 

/ home / testac

View files in directory ls

ls is a command to display the files and directories in the current directory. Run ls to see a list of files and directories.

testac @ some1: ~ $ ls 

file1.txt file2.txt folder1

Move directory cd

cd is a command to move directories. The first is in the / home / account name / directory. cd to folder1.

testac @ some1: ~ $ cd folder1 / 

testac @ some1: ~ / folder1 $ pwd 

/ home / testac / folder1

If you want to move to the next higher directory, use cd .. .. means the next higher directory. The current directory is. The directory two above is not ... but ../ ..

testac @ some1: ~ / folder1 $ cd ..   

testac @ some1: ~ $ pwd 

/ home / testac

Move and rename files mv

mv is a command to move and rename files. When you specify a file with the location / file name and full path, changing the location will move it, and changing the file name will rename it.

Format is mv Current file (directory) name Renamed file (directory) name.

Change file1.txt to fileA.txt

testac @ some1: ~ $ mv file1.txt fileA.txt 

testac @ some1: ~ $ ls

 file2.txt fileA.txt folder1

Move file1.txt to folder1

testac @ some1: ~ $ mv file2.txt folder1 / 

testac @ some1: ~ $ ls folder1 /   

file2.txt

Copy files and directories cp

cp copies files and directories. Faomat is　cp copied to copy destination　of .

testac @ some1: ~ / folder1 $ cp file2.txt fileB.txt 

testac @ some1: ~ / folder1 $ ls

 file2.txt fileB.txt

When I try to copy a directory with contents with cp, it cannot be executed with an error. When copying a directory, add -R to cp to copy the contents of the directory as well.

testac @ some1: ~ $ cp -r folder1 folderB 

testac @ some1: ~ $ ls 

folder1 folderB

Delete directories and files rm

Delete the file.

testac @ some1: ~ $ rm file1.txt

Add -R to delete the directory.

testac @ some1: ~ $ rm -R folder1 /

File content display more

View the contents of the file

testac@some1: ~ $ more file1.txt 

Hello 

World

Log out exit

Log out of that account.

testac @ some1: ~ $ exit   

logout

Summary

In this article, I have selected and introduced eight file operation commands that people who are new to Linux must use. However, it does not mean that you only need to know these eight. The eight commands introduced this time are only those that are really necessary at the beginning.

In addition to this, we will introduce how to use essential commands such as vi and apt if you manage Linux.